Exploring the Crafts & Heritage of Chhattisgarh

Nestled in the heart of India, Chhattisgarh is a state that boasts a vibrant cultural heritage, deeply rooted in its arts and crafts. From intricate handloom weaves to exquisite tribal art forms, Chhattisgarh’s creative tapestry reflects the diverse traditions and skilled craftsmanship that have been passed down through generations. The artistry extends to its wonderful temples and Buddhist sites, showcasing the rich history and built heritage of the region. And, in its performing arts and indigenous dance forms, you can witness Chhattisgarh’s living heritage.

The artisans of Chhattisgarh are adept at making creative use of a variety of materials like wood, metal and clay which they fashion into novel handicrafts. These make for some great souvenirs and are popular with tourists.

BELL METAL WORK

The Bastar and Raigarh districts in Chhattisgarh boast a renowned tradition of Dhokraor Bell Metal work, where artisans from tribes like the Ghadwas of Bastar and Jharas of Raigarh skilfully craft bell metal into captivating figurines in a golden hue. Employing the lost-wax technique or hollow casting, these craftsmen breathe life into each piece, tailored for both daily use and spiritual significance. These include figurines, jewellery, and home decor items.

WOOD CARVING

Wood carving is a prominent craft in Chhattisgarh, particularly in the regions surrounding Jagdalpur. Skilled artisans carve intricate designs on wooden artifacts, including furniture, panels, and decorative items. The craftsmanship reflects a deep understanding of nature and often features motifs inspired by the rich flora and fauna of the region. Bastar Wooden Craft also enjoys Geographical Indication (GI) status.

WROUGHT IRON

Chhattisgarh’s wrought iron artifacts embody the tribes’ reverence for their surroundings and are predominantly crafted from repurposed scrap iron. Skilled artisans forge these items by meticulously shaping the metal in furnaces using tongs. The craftsmanship is so refined that the final products exhibit seamless joints. Typical examples include lamps, deity figures, animals, and figures of musicians.

TUMBA ART

Tumba art is a well-known tribal art form from Chhattisgarh that involves carving intricate designs into the dried skin of wild, large bottle gourds. The gourds are harvested, dried, and hollowed out before being used as a canvas for skilled craftsmen. They make interesting receptacles as well as lampshades.

TERRACOTTA ART

The tribal communities in Chhattisgarh are known for their exceptional terracotta art. From figurines to utilitarian pottery, the artisans skilfully mould the clay into intricate forms, depicting scenes from daily life and traditional stories. Terracotta items from Chhattisgarh are not only beautiful artifacts; they also reflect the community’s deep connection to the earth.

KOSA SILK WEAVING

Chhattisgarh is renowned for its Kosa silk, a fine variety of silk produced from silk-producing worms native to the state. The art of Kosa silk weaving has been perfected by skilled artisans, resulting in luxurious sarees and fabrics that are aesthetically pleasing.

Chhattisgarh’s arts and crafts are a testament to the state’s rich cultural heritage and the skilful hands of its artisans. Each art form carries the essence of the region’s traditions, stories, and the creativity embedded in its people.

CAPTIVATING ART FORM: PANDWANI

Chhattisgarh boasts a rich cultural heritage, and its performing arts reflect the vibrant traditions and folklore of the region. One noteworthy form is Pandwani, a traditional narrative art form that originated in the state. Pandwani is a captivating performance where skilled storytellers, known as Pandwani artists, narrate tales from the ancient Indian epic, the Mahabharata.

Accompanied by soul-stirring music played on traditional instruments like the tambura and manjira, the artists skilfully use expressive gestures, dynamic body movements, and varied vocal tones to bring the epic characters to life. The narratives often centre around the valour of the legendary hero, Bhima, and are infused with humour, drama, and moral lessons.

Pandwani not only serves as a source of entertainment but also as a medium for preserving and transmitting the cultural and moral values inherent in these ancient tales, making it a cherished part of Chhattisgarh’s performing arts landscape.

BUILT HERITAGE: TEMPLES OF CHHATTISGARH

The state’s ancient temples are not only architectural marvels but also hold immense religious significance. One of the most iconic temples is the Bambleshwari Temple, situated atop the scenic Bambleshwari hill in Dongargarh. The Rajiv Lochan Temple in Rajim, called the ‘Prayag of Chhattisgarh’, holds a significant place in the hearts of the faithful. The twin Devrani and Jethani temples in Tala flaunt excellent carvings and pillars.

The famed Bhoramdeo Temple showcases exquisite carvings in the Nagar style on rocky stones. This ancient Hindu temple, constructed between the 7th and 11th centuries CE and dedicated to Lord Shiva, lies in the Kabirdham district in Chhattisgarh.

CHHATTISGARH’S BUDDHIST LEGACY: SIRPUR

Chhattisgarh is also home to the Buddhist site of Sirpur. Nestled in the Mahasamund district, Sirpur stands as a testament to the region’s rich Buddhist heritage. Its archaeological treasures date back to the 6th-7th centuries CE, marking a significant chapter in the spread of Buddhism in central India. The site houses ancient monasteries, stupas, and viharas, with the most prominent being the SurangTila complex. The Anand Vihara and Swastika Vihara, reflecting the architectural finesse of the past, offer insights into the flourishing Buddhist culture in Sirpur. The rediscovery of this archaeological gem has put Sirpur on the global map for Buddhist enthusiasts.

The handicrafts, culture, and built heritage of Chhattisgarh are emblematic of a rich tapestry that reflects the state’s deep-rooted traditions and artistic prowess. Together, these elements contribute to the unique identity of Chhattisgarh, making it a treasure trove of cultural heritage and a tourist’s delight.

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